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Plug-in solar laws by state

6 states have a plug-in solar law in effect, 4 more have signed one that starts in 2027, and 1 is waiting on the governor. Bills are moving in 6 more states and Washington, D.C. In the rest, your utility’s normal solar rules still apply.

Last checked October 6, 2026

Map of US states colored by balcony solar law statusALAKAZCOFLGAINKSMEMNNCNDOKPASDTXWYMOWVILNMARCAHIIAKYMIMSMTNYOHORTNUTVAWAWINESCIDNVLA
Legal, in effectSigned, starts laterWaiting on governorBill in progressBill stalled or failed in 2026No law yet
Small states (CT, DE, MA, MD, NH, NJ, RI, VT, DC) are listed in the table below.

Every state at a glance

Savings: an 800 W kit on a south-facing railing, at the state’s average power price. How we calculate.

StateStatusBillPower priceSaves per year
ColoradoIn effect since Aug 12, 2026HB26-100716.7¢$104
ConnecticutIn effect since Oct 1, 2026HB 534030.5¢$157
MaineIn effect since July 29, 2026LD 173028.3¢$146
MarylandIn effect since July 1, 2026HB 153222.2¢$118
UtahIn effect since May 2025HB 34013.2¢$83
VermontIn effect since July 1, 2026S. 202 / H. 59824.1¢$121
CaliforniaSigned Sept 30, 2026, takes effect Jan 1, 2027SB 86833.4¢$207
New HampshireSigned, most rules start Jan 1, 2027SB 54026.9¢$139
New JerseySigned Sept 1, 2026, takes effect Mar 1, 2027S 236823.5¢$125
VirginiaSigned, takes effect Jan 1, 2027HB 395 / SB 25017.1¢$93
New YorkPassed the legislature, waiting on the governorSUNNY Act (A.9111-C / S.8512-C)28.6¢$143
District of ColumbiaBill in committeeB26-0602 (GRID Act)25.0¢$133
MassachusettsBill advancingH.5175 / S.314330.2¢$156
MichiganBill in committeeHB 576421.2¢$107
OhioBill in committeeHB 755 / SB 38318.8¢$95
PennsylvaniaBill in committeeHB 197120.9¢$108
Rhode IslandBill in committeeH 7269 / S 235929.9¢$154
South CarolinaBill in committeeH 457916.4¢$88
Alaska2026 bill stalledHB 25727.2¢$109
Arizona2026 bill stalledHB 2843 / SB 160615.6¢$101
Delaware2026 bill stalledSB 27017.6¢$94
Georgia2026 bill failedHB 130415.0¢$80
Hawaii2026 bill stalledSB 2902 / HB 243542.2¢$215
Idaho2026 bill stalledH061213.0¢$77
Illinois2026 bill stalledHB 4371 / SB 310418.9¢$99
Indiana2026 bill stalledHB 1084 / SB 7417.9¢$93
Iowa2026 bill stalledHF 204613.4¢$72
Minnesota2026 bill stalledHF 3555 / SF 450415.1¢$81
Missouri2026 bill stalledHB 2528 / HB 244413.4¢$73
New Mexico2026 bill failedSB 15714.8¢$98
North Carolina2026 bill stalledH 1129 / S 95716.0¢$86
Oklahoma2026 bill stalledHB 406013.6¢$77
Oregon2026 bill failedHB 408014.9¢$77
Washington2026 bill failedSB 605014.4¢$71
Wyoming2026 bill failedHB 14613.6¢$83
AlabamaNo plug-in solar law or bill–17.1¢$92
ArkansasNo plug-in solar law or bill–13.6¢$74
FloridaNo plug-in solar law or bill–14.9¢$78
KansasNo plug-in solar law or bill–15.3¢$88
KentuckyNo plug-in solar law or bill–14.9¢$77
LouisianaNo plug-in solar law or bill–14.2¢$73
MississippiNo plug-in solar law or bill–16.3¢$86
MontanaNo plug-in solar law or bill–13.5¢$76
NebraskaNo plug-in solar law or bill–13.1¢$75
NevadaNo plug-in solar law or bill–14.2¢$94
North DakotaNo plug-in solar law or bill–11.9¢$65
South DakotaNo plug-in solar law or bill–14.3¢$80
TennesseeNo plug-in solar law or bill–15.1¢$80
TexasNo plug-in solar law or bill–16.4¢$90
West VirginiaNo plug-in solar law or bill–16.4¢$82
WisconsinNo plug-in solar law or bill–18.8¢$98

How to read the colors

  • Legal, in effect The law applies now. Certified kits within the limit can be plugged in without utility approval.
  • Signed, starts later Signed, but the rules start later. Until then, the old utility rules apply.
  • Waiting on governor Passed by the legislature, waiting for the governor to sign or veto.
  • Bill in progress A bill is in committee or moving through the legislature.
  • Bill stalled or failed in 2026 A bill was introduced in 2026 but stalled or failed. Expect it back in 2027.
  • No law yet No plug-in solar bill that we know of. Utility approval needed.

Common questions

Which state is likely next?

New York's bill is waiting on the governor, who has until the end of 2026. Massachusetts has a bill advancing. Many states where bills stalled in 2026 are expected to try again in 2027.

How often is this map updated?

We check it whenever a state acts, and at least monthly. The date at the top shows the last check: October 6, 2026.

Why is my state grey when I've read it's legal?

Some sites count a bill as a law before it's signed, or a signed law before it takes effect. We show the stage a state has actually reached. If you think we've missed something, tell us.

What's the difference between 'signed' and 'in effect'?

Signed means the governor approved it. In effect means the rules actually apply now. Between the two, utilities and regulators are often still writing the details.

Sources